牧压和肥力对亚热带山地牧草净生产的影响

在亚热带山地湿润环境条件下,研究牧压和土壤肥力对人工草地净生产的影响.三年试验结果表明,绵羊在轮牧下,产草量和磷肥对全年及各月牧草净生产具有显著影响.禁牧时,夏季地上生物量积累到一定程度后,只有很少量的净生产.放牧时,产草量在1000 kg DM/hm2左右时,净生产最大,当产草量低于300 kg DM/hm2以下时,净生产量则降低.每年施一次P2O5 36～60 kg/hm2,可以显著增加牧草净生产,尤以春末夏初时施肥更为显著.最低产草量出现在不施肥处理.     

日粮中添加铜对高产乳牛泌乳量影响的研究

本研究探索了在奶牛日粮中添加Cu++对其产奶性能的影响.结果表明,在日粮中添加Cu++ 7.6×10-6,牛奶的乳脂率和干物质含量并未降低,牛奶中铜的残留量低于国家规定标准,能使奶牛泌乳量增产7.66%～9.61%,从而增加乳牛业的经济效益.     

蛋鸡低饲养标准饲粮配方的研究

为适应本地区当前生产需要,用低饲养标准饲粮配方,对莱杭鸡的生长与产蛋性能进行了比较试验。结果表明,在整个试验期内,补加鱼粉(1—5%)的试Ⅰ组,和含2种饼类(2—14%)的试Ⅱ组,在体重、料重比(试Ⅰ组—5.87,试Ⅱ组—6.07,对照6.66),产蛋量,料蛋比(试Ⅰ组—3.83,试Ⅱ组—3.88,对照—4.28)和盈利(元/只:试Ⅰ组—1.03,试Ⅱ组—1.23,对照—0.75)等方面较好:但因试Ⅰ组中鱼粉价高而盈利较低;加菜籽饼(2%)和豌豆粉(3—6.7%)的第Ⅲ组与选自生产配方中的对照组,在生产性能与效益方面较低,但仍可盈利,属于低标准、低效益配方,适于在饲养条件差和经营水平低的养鸡场、户采用。     

Stoffbildung, CO2-Gaswechsel, Kohlenhydrat- und Stickstoffgehalt von Winterweizen bei erhöhter CO2-Konzentration und Trocken-streß

Dry Matter Production, CO₂ Exchange, Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Content of Winter Wheat at Elevated CO₂ Concentration and Drought Stress
Methods of mathematical modelling and simulation are being used to an increasing degree in estimating the effects of rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration and changing climatic conditions on agricultural ecosystems. In this context, detailed knowledge is required about the possible effects on crop growth and physiological processes. To this aim, the influence of an elevated CO₂ concentration and of drought stress on dry matter production, CO₂ exchange, and on carbohydrate and nitrogen content was studied in two winter wheat varieties from shooting to milk ripeness. Elevated CO₂ concentration leads to a compensation of drought stress and at optimal water supply to an increase of vegetative dry matter and of yield to the fourfold value. This effects were caused by enhanced growth of secondary tillers which were reduced in plants cultivated at atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Analogous effects in the development of ear organs were influenced additionally by competitive interactions between the developing organs. The content and the mass of ethanol soluble carbohydrates in leaves and stems were increased after the CO₂ treatment and exhausted more completely during the grain filling period after drought stress. Plants cultivated from shooting to milk ripeness at elevated CO₂ concentration showed a reduced response of net photosynthesis rate to increasing CO₂ concentration by comparison with untreated plants. The rate of dark respiration was increased in this plants.     

可持续发展类型与测度的理论探讨

可持续发展的类型划分与可持续发展的测度是可持续发展理论研究的重要内容。科学反应可持续发展的特征 ,有利于可持续发展类型划分 ,是可持续发展测度的依据和目标。本文运用人地关系协调分析法与经济分析法 ,特别是与替代弹性不变生产函数分析法 (C.E.S生产函数 )相结合 ,提出了可持续的人均国内生产总值 ,探讨了可持续发展中人文资本、自然资本相互协调、相互依存的关系特征 ,建立可持续发展测度的指标系统和可持续发展的类型体系     

畜牧业生产中的环境污染及治理对策

本文阐述了畜牧业生产中产生的畜禽粪尿、有机废水等废弃物对环境造成的污染，探讨了治理畜牧业污染的措施，提出了发展生态畜牧业的思路。     

水产养殖清洁生产的内涵与技术

清洁生产作为循环经济的主要生产方式适用于各生产性行业并有助于各生产行业的可持续发展。以陆上工厂化水产养殖为例，讨论了水产养殖业实施清洁生产的技术。     

几种代表性牧草对水牛泌乳高峰期生产性能的影响

将36头泌乳期、产奶量相近的水牛均分3组,探讨禾本科黑麦草、豆科紫花苜蓿、蓼科鲁梅克斯K-1三种牧草对泌乳高峰期生产性能的影响,结果发现,饲喂鲁梅克斯K-1分别比紫花苜蓿和黑麦草提高15.93%、13.14%的产奶量(P<0.05),以及6.09%、6.63%的乳脂率(P<0.01);而紫花苜蓿与黑麦草间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。故种植鲁梅克斯K-1适合我国农村散养水牛的小区放牧或舍饲补饲。     

体外产气法评定反刍家畜饲草料营养价值的研究前景

阐述了体外产气法的原理、影响体外产气量的因素及其研究前景。     

河南省农业综合生产能力的评价研究

本文建立了农业综合生产能力的评价指标体系，讨论了两种评价方法，并通过计算机测评系统，对河南省农业综合生产能力进行了系统的测算和分析。